Computer Chess

In 1965, Alexander Kronrod - a Russian mathematician - said, "Chess is the Drosophila of artificial intelligence."[AI as Sport, by John McCarthy]
In 1997, Deep Blue could beat Gary Kasparov, the world champion, in a highly controversial six game match. The match attracted world wide attention. The marketing effect outreached the investment by a lrge factor.
In 2005, Hydra closed the chapter and decided the man vs. machine battle with a 5.5-0.5 victory over Adams finally, playing beyond 3000 ELO.
• Report on Games: https://pure.uvt.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/1258781/INFORMA6.PDF
• mirrored at the University of Siegen: PDF
• Selective Search 120 - The Computer Chess Magazine, Ed. Eric Hallworth, 2005: http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/SS_120.pdf

In the following, you find the games and the score bars of Hydra which show how the program estimated its winning chances during the games.

adamslorenz

Some Characteristic Data about Hydra

Brutus/Hydra operated in parallel and got its playing strength out of a workstation cluster, which consists of Intel Xeon 3.6 GHz dual processor boards,each one supplied with an FPGA-card from Alphadata Inc. The FPGA PCI-cards mainly recieved their power from Xilinx Virtex-II Pro chips. On each chip, Hydra examined about 5 million chess position per second. Together with a speedup of 17 (faithfully measured) on 32 processors, the netto performance was 85 million position per second, at a brutto performance of about 120 milion positions per second.

Hydra vs Michael Adams
Adams - Hydra Match (2005) • Russian Game: Classical Attack. Chigorin Variation (C42) • 1-0

1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. Ne5 d6 4. Nf3 Ne4 5. d4 d5 6. Bd3 Nc6 7. O-O Be7 8. Re1 Bg4 9. c3 f5 10. Qb3 O-O 11. Nbd2 Na5 12. Qc2 Nc6 13. b4 a6 14. Rb1 Bd6 15. h3 Bh5 16. b5 Na5 17. c4 dc4 18. Nc4 Nc4 19. Bc4 Kh8 20. ba6 ba6 21. Ne5 c5 22. Bd5 Rc8 23. Be6 Rc7 24. Bf5 Be5 25. de5 Rf5 26. Qe4 Bg6 27. Rb6 Rf8 28. Qe3 Rcf7 29. Rd6 Qa5 30. e6 Re7 31. Ba3 Rfe8 32. Bc5 Qa2 33. Rd2 1-0

Hydra-Adams1

Michael Adams vs Hydra
Adams - Hydra Match (2005) • Sicilian Defense: Paulsen. Bastrikov Variation (B47) • 1/2-1/2

1. e4 c5 2. Nc3 e6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. d4 cd4 5. Nd4 Qc7 6. g3 a6 7. Bg2 d6 8. Nc6 bc6 9. O-O Nf6 10. Na4 e5 11. c4 Be7 12. Be3 Be6 13. Rc1 O-O 14. b3 Qb7 15. Qe2 Rfe8 16. h3 Rab8 17. Rfd1 Bf8 18. Kh2 h6 19. Rc2 Be7 20. Bc1 Qc7 21. Bb2 Nd7 22. Bc3 Nf8 23. Qe3 c5 24. Bb2 Bd7 25. Nc3 Ne6 26. Nd5 Qd8 27. f4 Nd4 28. Rf2 Bc6 29. fe5 de5 30. Bd4 cd4 31. Qf3 Rf8 32. Qh5 f6 33. h4 Be8 34. Qf3 Bf7 35. Bh3 Rb7 36. h5 a5 37. Kg2 Qe8 38. Bg4 Bc5 39. Rh1 Qc6 40. Rb2 Rfb8 41. Bf5 Kh8 42. Rhb1 Qe8 43. g4 Qc6 44. Qd3 Bg8 45. Qd1 Qa6 46. Rd2 a4 47. Rdb2 Qa8 48. Kh2 Bf7 49. Kg2 Bf8 50. Kh2 Be8 51. b4 a3 52. Rb3 Ba4 53. b5 Qa7 54. Kg2 Qc5 55. Qd3 Bb3 56. Qb3 Ra8 57. Rd1 Qd6 58. Rc1 Qb8 59. Kf3 Bd6 60. Ke2 Bc5 61. Kd3 Qa7 62. Rb1 Qa5 63. Qc2 Qd8 64. Rh1 Qd6 65. Qb3 Re8 1/2-1/2

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Hydra vs Michael Adams
"Slipped a Mickey" (game of the day Apr-14-07)
Adams - Hydra Match (2005) • Spanish Game: Closed. Bogoljubow Variation (C91) • 1-0

1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 d6 8. c3 O-O 9. d4 Bg4 10. d5 Na5 11. Bc2 c6 12. h3 Bc8 13. dc6 Qc7 14. Nbd2 Qc6 15. Nf1 Be6 16. Ng5 Bd8 17. Ne3 Bd7 18. a4 h6 19. Nf3 Rc8 20. ab5 ab5 21. Nh4 Nc4 22. Nc4 bc4 23. Ba4 Qc7 24. Bd7 Qd7 25. Nf5 d5 26. Ra6 Qb7 27. Rd6 Be7 28. Bh6 1-0

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Michael Adams vs Hydra
Adams - Hydra Match (2005) • Sicilian Defense: Closed Variation (B23) • 0-1

1. e4 c5 2. Nc3 d6 3. Nge2 Nf6 4. g3 g6 5. Bg2 Nc6 6. d4 cd4 7. Nd4 Nd4 8. Qd4 Bg7 9. O-O O-O 10. a4 Qa5 11. Qd3 Bd7 12. Nd5 Nd5 13. Qd5 Qd5 14. ed5 Bf6 15. c3 a5 16. Re1 Rfb8 17. Bf1 b5 18. ab5 Bb5 19. Bb5 Rb5 20. Rd1 Rc8 21. Ra4 Rcc5 22. c4 Rb3 23. Be3 Rc8 24. Bd4 Kg7 25. Kf1 Bd4 26. Rd4 Rb2 27. Ra5 f5 28. Ra7 Kf6 29. g4 Rb4 30. g5 Kg5 31. Re7 Rcc4 32. Rc4 Rc4 33. Rh7 Kf6 34. Rd7 Ke5 35. Rg7 Rg4 36. f3 Rg5 37. Kf2 Kd5 38. h4 Rh5 39. Kg3 Rh6 40. Re7 Kd4 41. Re1 d5 42. Rd1 Ke5 43. Re1 Kd6 44. Rd1 Rh5 45. Ra1 Kc5 46. Rc1 Kb4 47. Rd1 Kc4 48. Rc1 Kd3 49. Rc6 Rh6 50. h5 f4 0-1

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Hydra vs Michael Adams
Adams - Hydra Match (2005) • Spanish Game: Closed. Averbakh Variation (C87) • 1-0

1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 d6 7. c3 Bg4 8. d3 Nd7 9. Be3 Bf3 10. Qf3 Bg5 11. Bc6 bc6 12. Nd2 O-O 13. Qg4 Be3 14. Re3 Rb8 15. b3 Nc5 16. f4 ef4 17. Qf4 Ne6 18. Qf2 Rb5 19. Rf1 Rg5 20. d4 Rg6 21. a4 Rf6 22. Rf3 Rf3 23. Qf3 Qg5 24. Nc4 Qg6 25. h4 f6 26. Ne3 Re8 27. Nf5 h5 28. b4 Kh7 29. Ng3 c5 30. d5 Nd8 31. Rb1 Nf7 32. bc5 dc5 33. Rb7 Rc8 34. Ra7 Nd6 35. Ra6 Re8 36. Rc6 Ne4 37. Qh5 Qh5 38. Nh5 Kh6 39. Re6 Rd8 40. Re4 Kh5 41. a5 1-0

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Michael Adams vs Hydra
Adams - Hydra Match (2005) • Sicilian Defense: Kan. Polugaevsky Variation (B42) • 0-1

1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. d4 cd4 4. Nd4 a6 5. Bd3 Bc5 6. Nb3 Ba7 7. O-O Ne7 8. c4 d6 9. Nc3 Nbc6 10. Qe2 O-O 11. Be3 e5 12. Rad1 Nd4 13. Bd4 ed4 14. Nd5 Nc6 15. f4 Qh4 16. Nd2 Be6 17. Nc7 Rac8 18. Ne6 fe6 19. g3 Qe7 20. a3 e5 21. f5 Nb8 22. Kg2 Nd7 23. b4 Kh8 24. Bc2 Nf6 25. Rc1 Rc7 26. Bb3 Rfc8 27. Rc2 a5 28. Rfc1 Qe8 29. h3 a4 30. Ba2 Re7 31. c5 dc5 32. bc5 Rec7 33. Be6 Rd8 34. Qd3 g6 35. Kh2 Qc6 36. Qf3 Rf8 37. g4 Qb5 38. Qg3 Qe2 39. Qg2 Qe3 40. Qg3 Rc5 41. Qe3 de3 42. Nf3 Ne4 43. Kg2 Kg7 0-1

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